Loose pulley



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

M. L. SENDERLING.

Loose PULLBY, WHEEL, te.

Patented Sept. 22, 1885.

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(No Model.)

M. L. SBNDERLING.

Loos PULLEY, WHEEL, am.

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UNITED STATES PATENT rrrcn.

MARTIN L. SENDRLING, OF JERSEY CITY, NEI/V J ERSEY.A

LoosE PULLEY, WHEEL, ete( SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters PatentNo. 326,596, dated September 22, 1885.

Application tied February 1s, 1885. (No model.,

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, MARTIN L. SENDER- LING, of Jersey City, in thecounty of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in-Loose Pulleys, Wheels, &c., of which the following is aspecification.

My invention is applicable to loose pulleys and sheaves employed inhoisting apparatus or elsewhere, car-wheels, wagon or vehicle wheels,and, generally, to all wheels or pulleys which have a comparatively slowspeed of rotation. Itis applicable also to all such wheels or pulleys,whether they have bearingsurfaces directly on the shaft or axle or upona sleeve or enlarged portion thereof, and whether such sleeve be solidor provided with an internal oil-chamber communicating by apertures withits surface.

The object of the invention is to provide a wheel or pulley having inits hub an internal bearing-surface, and having an oil-chamber externalto and surrounding the bore, and which is of suicient size to contain alarge surplus of oil, and so constructed that the oil will be carriedaround with the hub as it rotates and discharge in copious quantity uponthe bearing-surface; also, to catch the oil which may chance to work outlongitudinally beyond the bearing-surface and return such oil to themain ,oil-chamber in the hub.

The invention consists in novel features of construction and incombination of parts, which are hereinafter described, and pointed outin the claims, whereby the desired result will be obtained.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l represents an axial section of aloose pulley embodying the invention, including a portion of ashafthaving an enlarged portion on which the pulley is adapted to turn. Fig.2 represents a transverse section on the plane of the dotted line x,Fig. l. Fig. 3 is an axial section of a sheave also embodying myinvention, including a portion of a shaft and a sectional view ofasleeve secured to the shaft and on which the sheave turns, said sleevebeing provided with an internal oil-chamber and apertures leadingthereforni to its circumference. Fig. 4 represents a transverse sectionon the plane of the dotted line y y, Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is an axial sectionof the principal portion ofa car-wheel also embodying the invention,including a side view of a portion of an axle, and'a section of a sleeveon which the wheel turns, the sleeve being provided with an internaloilchamber and apertures leading therefrom to its/circumference.` Fig. 6represents atransverse section on the plane of the dotted line z a, Fig.5. Fig. 7 represents an axial section of the principal portion of acar-wheel also embodying the invention in a slightly-modified form, anda side'view of a portion of the axle having an enlarged portion on whichthe wheel turns. Fig. 8 is a transverse section on the plane of thedotted line :if :'f, Fig. 7. Fig. 9 represents an axial section of avehicle-wheel hub and box also embodying the invention, a partlysectional view of the axle, and a section of the sleeve secured thereonand on which the hub or box turns, said sleeve being provided withinternal oil-chambers and apertures leading therefrom to its periphery.Fig. l0is a transverse section on the plane of the'dotted line ss, Fig.9, and Figs. 1l and 12 are views similar to Figs. 1 and 2, illustratinga modification thereof.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all thefigures.

Referring iirst to Figs. l and 2, A designates a shaft having anenlarged portion, A, which is here represented as formed integraltherewith, and on which the loose pulley may turn. B designates the rimof the pulley,-and B the hub. The hub is bored out sufficiently large toiit upon the large portion A of the shaft, and has at the ends innerflanges, b, which project inward at the ends of the enlarged portion A',holding the pulley in place lengthwise of the shaft. It has also outerflanges, c, which extend inward nearly to or toward the shaft. In thehub B of t-he pulley is formed an annular oil-chamber, here shown asdivided into four portions orsections, d, by radial partitions or ribsd', as Will be best seen in Fig. 2. A greater or less number ofpartitions than four might be formed in the hub, dividing theoil-chamber into a greater or less number of sections or portions d. I

The space between the flanges by c, at each end of the hub, constitutesthe oil-chamber e,

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which is continuous around the shaft, and" which is of considerable lessdiameter or has less radial projection than the oil-chamber d, as willbe best understood from Fig. 1. The oil-chamber e communicates with theseveral sections ot' the oilchamber d by means of openings orv aperturese', one entering each section d, and which are located at the peripheryof the oilchamber e. as shown in Fig. 1, so that as the openings e cometo.

their lowest position below the shaft the oil will run freely throughthem from the chainberV c into the corresponding section d of the mainoil-chamber.

In order to enable the pulley to be placed on `the enlarged portion A ofthe shaft, its hub B is made in two parts, secured together by bolts fand lforming an oil -tight joint,

suitablejgpacking,f*, being interposed, if desired. One portion of thehub has formed with it the web and rim B of the pulley, and the otherportion is formed with aflange to receive the bolts f. The annularportion of metal b l which forms the bore of-the pulley has init anannular aperture, b2, which is produced by the two portions of the hubnot coming together at that point, and which may be continuous aroundthe bore, or consists of slots at intervals around the bore. As thispulley rotates on the shaft the partitions d serve to lift the oil inthe chamber-sections d, and as such secticns severally come to the topofthe shaft the oil in them pours through the slot or'aperture b`L uponthe bearing-surface. As the chamber-sections d come successively totheir lowermost position below the shaft the oil is returned into themfrom the overflow-chambers e through the communicating openings e'. Inorder 4to prevent any oil from running down on the inner sides of theouter flanges, c, and thence outward on the shaft, I form such flangeswith an inwardly-turned lip or concave groove, 0*, whereby the oil sorunning down will be turned aside and carried around the shaft, and itsescape along the shaft beyond the pulley will be prevented. Thisconstruction of hub is also applicable to sheaves, and I have shown indotted outlines in Fig. 1 the periphery B* of asheave which may besubstituted for the straight rim B of the pulley.

Referring now to Figs. 3 and 4:, A designates the shaft, on which issecured a sleeve, A*, by a pin, a, or other suitable means. This sleeveis constructed with an internal oilchamber, A2, and has holes orapertures a* extending to its periphery. The sheave having a rim, B*,and a hub, B', which are here shown as cast in one piece, has fittedwithin ita separable hub or thimble, B, which is inserted and securedwithin it so as to form, in e'ect, a fixed part of the sheave. Thesheavehub B has formed in it a main oil-chamber, d, divided by a numberof radial partitions, d', into a corresponding number ofchamber-portions, d, as described with reference to Figs.

1 and 2. The hub or thimble B2 is provided at one end with a shoulder,b3, which bears against the sheavehub B', and at'the other surfaces.

circumference, with the several portions d of the main oil-chamber. Theseparable hub or thimble B'l is provided with radial ribs (1*, whichmeet the partitions d and complete the separation of thechamber-sections d from each other. In the separable hub or thimble B2are openings bl, leading to the bearing-surfaces of the sleeve A*, andwhether the sheave is rotated in one direction or the other thepartitions d lift the oil, and it is poured through the openings orapertures. b'lonto the bearing- As the chamber portions comesuccessively to their lowerinost position below the shaft the oil isreturned to them from the overflow-chambers e through the openingse.Packingsf* may be used to form an oiltight jointbetween the separableparts of the sheave. In this case also the flanges c have inwardlyturnedlips or concaved grooves 0*, which carry the oil around the shaftandprevent it from escaping along the shaft. i

Referring now to Figs. 5 and 6, which represent a car-wheel having myinvention applied in a form substantially similar to that shown in Figs.3 and 4, B designates the hub of the wheel. and B 'the tread or rimthereof. In the hub B is fitted aseparable hub, B, having at one end ahead or collar forming a shoulder, b3, and received within the annularrabbet b in the wheel-hub, and having screwed or otherwise secured uponits' opposite end a cap, B3, which bears against the oppo-'ite end ofthe hub B and firmly secures the separable hub therein. Packings f* areinterposed to form oil-tight joint's. Upon the shaft or axle A issecured a sleeve, A*, by means of a pin, a, or otherwise; and in saidsleeve is' an internal oilchamber, A, from which apertures'a* lead tothe periphery. In the hub B is a main oil-chamber, d, divided bypartitions or ribs d into four or more sections, as before described. Inthe head of the separable hub B2 and in the .cap Bs are end or overflowoil-chambers, e, formedy by anges b and c, as before described. Theflanges b bear against opposite ends of the sleeve A*, thus preventingend play of the wheel upon its shaft orf/axle. washers,of steel or othermetal, b*, interposed between the flanges b and the ends of the sleeveA*. The outer flanges, c, have inwardlyturned lips, forming concavegrooves 0*, which prevent any oil overflowing lengthwise on the shaftbeyond the wheel, and theanges c are also provided with annular grooves,wherein are fitted dust-rings b5, of felt or other suitable fabric. Inthe separable hub B and I have here shown IOO IIO

oil-chamber d, and through these holes or passages e oil flows from theend chambers, e, into the several sections of the main oil-chamber d assaid sections are brought successively to their lowermost position belowthe shaft or axle. I have also shown holes or passages e2, which leadfrom the passages e radially inward to the periphery of the sleeve A*,and as the wheel rotates the oil in the main oilchamber d is raised bythe partitions d and iiows copiously through the passages e and el ontothe bearing-surface of the sleeve Adi I have also represented theseparable hubB2 as provided at about the middle of its length with holesb2, which are coincident with the parti-- tions d', and through whichoil is delivered upon the periphery of the sleeve A* as the wheelrotates in one directionor the other.

The car-wheel represented in Figs. 7 and 8 does not differ greatly fromthat described, save that it has no separable hub B2. A designates theshaft or axle, upon which is an enlarged portion, A. The hub B of thewheel is constructed with an annular oil-chamber, d, divided into fouror more sections by partitions d, and the inner wall of which is formedby the annular body of metal b forming the bore of the wheel. Atl oneend of the hub B are integral flanges b and c, one`of which, b, bearsagainst the end of the enlarged portion A', and the other of which isformed with a lip or groove, and provided with a dustring, b5. At theopposite end the hub B is closed by a cap, B3, secured thereinto,andhav-l ing also anges b and c, the former, b, bearing against the endof the enlarged portion A/, and t-he latter being provided with a lip orgroove, 0*, and a dust-ring, b5. At each end of the hub is the overiiowor end oil-chamber, e, formed between the flanges band c, andcommunicating by holes or passages e with the sections of mainoil-chamberd. In the annular portion of metalb* which forms the bore ofthe hub are openings e2, leading from the chamber-sections d to thebore, and midway of the length of the hub are other holes or openings,b", which are shown dotted in Fig. 8,and which are coincident with thepartitions d', so

that oil will pass through them as the wheel is rotated in eitherdirection. As the wheel rotates the oil is lifted'by the partitions d,and as the several chambersections d pass over the shaft they pour oilcopiously through the openings e2 and bz upon the bearingsurface of thewheel. As the chamber-sections d pass successively to theirlowermostposition below the shaft-the oil is returned into them from the endchamber, e, through the openings or passages e. In Fig. 7 the holes e'lare near the end wallsy ofthe chamber d, and if this chamber has nopartitions or conductors the oil,

when the wheel is not running at too high a speed, will flow down thesewalls and into the holes e2.

Referring now to a vehicle-wheel hub and axle-arm shown in Figs. 9 andl0, B designates the usual hub, which is constructed with mortises b5 toYreceive the spokes, and in which is secured a separable box or thimble,B5. This box or thimble is slightly tapered from the inner end outward,and being insertedl in the hub is there secured by a cap', B, screwed orotherwise secured on its end.' At theinner l ychamber, e3, to whichv'oil may be supplied through a hole closed by a plug, f. The sleeve Ailis constructed with internal oilchambers A2, having holes c* leading toits periphery, and in the axle A is formed a groove or passage, e,through which the oilchamber e3 communicates with the internaloil-chamber A2 of the sleeve Aci.' B is a main oil-cha`mber d, dividedinto sections by partitions d', and these several' sections communicateby passages e with v.the end oil-chamber, e, formed in the cap B3, also,by

holes e2 with the bearing-surface of the box` B5. In the box B5 areradial holes or openings b2, (shown in Fig. 10,) which are coinci-l dentwith the partitions d,and which deliver oil to the bore of the boxwhether the Wheel be rotated in oneor the other direction.` the wheelis4 rotated the oil is lifted by the partitons d and poured copiouslythrough the In the hub As j IOO

openings d2 and e2 upon the bearing-surface of 105 the -sleeve At, andas the chamber-sections d severally pass below the shaft or axle the oilis returned into them from the end chamber, e, through the passage e.

It will have been seen from the foregoing description that the functionof the partitions d is to lift the oil and conduct it to and pour itthrough the several holes leading vto the bearing-surface of the wheelor pulley, and the partitions therefore constitute conductors for oil.These conductors may be made otherwise than by forming partitions whichdivide the chamber ci into separate sections, and such a modification isshown in Figs. ll and 12, which represent a pulley similar to that shownin Figs. l and 2 except in afew particulars. The oil-chamber d isundivided by any partitions,and has holes d2 to deliver oil to thebore,but in the chamber d are conductors d*, which, as the pulleyrotates, lift the oil and 'conduct it to and pour it through the holesb2.

Ihave shown such conductors at diametricallyopposite points and curvedin opposite directions,so as to perform their function in whicheverdirection the wheel or pulley may turn. In this pulley the chamber d isundivided,but communicates with the end chamber, e, by a number ofopenings, e', at different points in its circumference.

' 'In each example of my `invention here shown it will be seen thatthere is a main oilchamber in the hub beyond the periphery of thebearing-surface, provided with conductors main chamber.

In each of the examples of my invention here shown oil may be introducedinto the f chamber or chambers d and e through a hole which maybe closedby plug f.

In lieu of the holes b2, extending across the partitions, holes may beformed in the wall 'of metal b* close tothe partitions onleach sidethereof.

It will be observed that in each example of my Jinvention wherein areradial partitions d the holes or passages e', through which the endchambers, e, communicate with the several,

`chamber-sections d, are about midway between the partitions df.

This arrangement 1s not'essential, but is very desirable, yfor thereason that the oil will not be as apt to llow from the chamber-sectionsd into,- the'end chamber, e, whenA said chamber-sections Apassover theshaft as would be-the ease were e near the partitions d. As the wheel orpulley turns the partitions d lift the oil, andas the chamber-sections dcome into position above the shaft the oil is thrown over past theopenings e and has little chance to pass through them. v

What I claim as my invention, and` desire to secure by Letters Patent,is

1. Thecombination, with a shaft or axle, of awheel or pulley ttedthereto, and having in its hub an annular oil-chamber surrounding thebore and lconstructed with, radial partitions dividing said chamber intosections,l and with holes or apertures opposite said partitionsin themetal forming the inner wall Aof the chamber andthe bore of the Wheel orpulley, whereby oil will belifted by said partition'sand deliveredthrough said holes or apertures whether'thenwheel or pulley rotatesinone direction or the other, substantially as and for the purpose hereindescribed.

2. The combination, with a shaft or axle having upon it an enlargedportion, of awheel or pulley fitted to turn upon said enlarged portion,and having in its hub an annular oilchamber surrounding the bore andconstructed with radial partitions dividing said chamber into sections,and with holes or apertures in the metal forming the inner wall of saidchamber and the bore of the wheel or pulley, and throughwhich o il willbe delivered upon the enlarged portion of the shaft o r axle,substantially asand for the purpose described.

3. The combination, .with the shaft or axle and the sleeve securedthereon and constructed with an internal oilchamber and holes leadingfrom said chamber to its periphery, of a wheel or pulley fitted to turnupon said sleeve and having in its hub an annular oilchamber surroundingthe bore and constructed with radial partitions dividing saidchamberinto sections, and with holes or apertures leading from the severalsections through the metal forming the inner Wall of said chamber andthe bore of the wheel or pulley, substantially as and for the purposeherein described.

4. rllhe combination, with a shaft or axle, of a wheel or pulley fittedto turn thereon, and having in its hub an annular main oil-chamber andan end oil-chamber, which communicate with each other, as described, andconstructed with holes or openings leading from the main chamber to thebore, and with conductors in the said main chamber for directing oiltoward and into said holes or openings as the wheel or pulley rotates,substantially as and for the purpose herein described.

5. The combination,with a shaft or axle, of

a wheel or pulley jitted to turn thereon, and

having in its hub an annular main oil-chamber and an end oil-chamber,and constructed with radial partitions dividing said main chamber intosections, and with holes or apertures leading from said sections throughthe metal forming the inner wall of the main chamber and the bore of thewheel or pulley, and with holes or apertures leading from the endoil-chamber to the several sections of the main chamber, substantiallyas and for the purpose herein described.

6. The combination,with a shaft or axle, of a wheel or pulley tted toturn thereon, and having in its hub an annular main oil-chamber and anend oil-chamber of less diameter than said main chamber, and constructedwith radial partitions dividing said main chamber v into sections, andwith holes or apertures leading from said sections through the metalforming the inner wall of the main chamber and the bore of the wheel orpulley, and with holes or apertures leading from the end oilchamber tothe severall sections of the main chamber, substantially as and for thepurpose herein described.

7. The combination,with a shaft or axle, of

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a wheel or pulley fitted to turn thereon, and

having an end oil-chamber the outer wall of which is formed by aninwardly-projecting ange receiving the shaft or axle through it, andhaving an inwardly-turned lip,c*,by which oil is directed aroundtheshaft and prevented from flowing lengthwise thereof beyond the wheel orpulley, substantially as and for the the purpose herein described.

8. The combination,with a shaft or axle, of a wheel or pulley having inits hub a main annular .oil-chamber divided by radial partitions, asdescribed, and an end oil-chamber communicating with the main-chambersections, and having a separable hub or thimble forming the bore, andconstructed with holes or apertures leading from the severalchamber-sections to the bore, substantially as and ber, d, divided bypartitions d', and with pairs of inwardly-extending angesb and o,forming an end or overflow chamber, e, at each end of the hub, havingholes or apertures b2 leading from the main-chamber sections d to thebore, and holes or passages e leading from the end chambers, e, to themainchan1ber sections d, substantially as and for the purpose herein andhaving in its hub an annular main oilchamber and an end oil-chamber,which communicate-With each other as described, and constructed withholes or openings leading I5 from the main chamber to the bore,substantially as herein described.

MARTIN L. SENDERLING.

described. Witnesses:

l0. The combination, with a shaft or axle, FREDK. HAYNEs, of a Wheel orpulley fitted to turn thereon, MATTHEW PoLLooK.

